What is .Net?

• 2002 – Release of .NET Framework 1.0
• 2006 – Release of .NET Framework 3.0 with WPF, WCF and WF.
• 2010 – Introduction of .NET Framework 4.0
• 2016 – Release of .NET Core – a cross-platform and open-source version of .NET
• 2020 – Unification of .NET Framework and .NET Core in the form of .NET 5
• 2021 – .NET 6 release with improved performance and new features
• 2022 – Latest version of .NET 7 with further improvements

The platform is constantly being developed by Microsoft and the open-source community, gaining new capabilities and improvements with each new version.

1. Multi-platform – developing applications for Windows, Linux, macOS and other systems
2. Performance – optimized execution environment and JIT compilation
3. Security – built-in security and memory management mechanisms
4. Rich class library – ready components to speed up development
5. Support for multiple languages – C#, F#, Visual Basic and others
6. Easy integration – working with different technologies and services
7. Active community – large developer and resource base
8. Open-source – open source code and customizability
9. Microsoft support – regular updates and long-term support

1. Common Language Runtime (CLR) – an execution environment that manages memory, security and code execution
2. Base class library – a set of predefined types and functions
3. Compilers – tools that convert source code into intermediate code (IL)
4. Runtime environment – executes compiled code on the target platform
5. Development tools – e.g. Visual Studio, Visual Studio Code
6. Application frameworks – e.g. ASP.NET Core for developing web applications
7. Package manager – NuGet for dependency management

• C# – a modern, object-oriented general-purpose language
• F# – a functional programming language
• Visual Basic .NET – an easy-to-use language for beginners
• TypeScript – JavaScript supervision with static typing
• PowerShell – a scripting language for automating tasks

• Central repository of packages available online
• Easily add, update and remove dependencies
• Package versioning
• Ability to create private repositories
• Integration with software tools

NuGet greatly simplifies the process of managing external libraries in .NET projects.

1. Web applications – using ASP.NET Core
2. Desktop applications – Windows Forms, WPF, UWP
3. Mobile applications – Xamarin for iOS and Android
4. Console applications
5. Web services and microservices
6. Cloud applications – using Azure
7. Games – using Unity
8. Internet of Things (IoT)

This versatility makes .NET suitable for a wide range of projects.

• Visual Studio – an advanced IDE with a rich set of features
• Visual Studio Code – a lightweight, cross-platform code editor
• JetBrains Rider – an alternative IDE for .NET
• .NET CLI – command line tools
• Azure DevOps – a platform for application lifecycle management
• GitHub – code hosting and version control

• ASP.NET Core – a framework for building modern, high-performance web applications
• Blazor – creating interactive user interfaces using C#
• Razor Pages – a simple page programming model
• MVC (Model-View-Controller) – an architectural pattern for web applications
• Web API – creating a RESTful API
• SignalR – real-time communication support

These technologies enable the development of scalable and efficient web applications.

• Xamarin – mobile application development for iOS and Android
• MAUI (Multi-platform App UI) – the successor to Xamarin for developing multi-platform applications.
• Windows Forms – classic desktop applications for Windows
• WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation) – advanced user interfaces
• UWP (Universal Windows Platform) – applications for the Windows ecosystem.

With these tools, developers can create consistent user experiences across platforms.

• Java – similar approach to cross-platform, but .NET offers better integration with the Microsoft ecosystem
• Node.js – .NET provides better performance and static typing
• Python – .NET offers better scalability for large enterprise applications
• PHP – .NET provides a more comprehensive development environment

The choice between .NET and other platforms depends on the specifics of the project, performance requirements and the preferences of the development team.In summary, .NET is a versatile and powerful development platform that offers tools for creating a variety of applications. With continued development and community support, .NET remains one of the leading choices for developers and companies worldwide.